Those who require more thinking time and prefer to work individually could prepare their answers to comprehension questions, etc. 2. When your lesson plan intends to build upon students’ prior knowledge, you’ll know how to cover their misconceptions that are actively interfering with their ability to learn the new material. Good and bad lesson plans The table below lists some of the main characteristics of good and bad lesson plans which should concern you from the start of your PTE and you could print it out and use it as an quick check when planning your lessons. 2. However, you must allow some room for spontaneity. In addition to the common characteristics, each content area below has developed a set of content specific characteristics that demonstrate highly effective teaching and learning. But, most importantly, we plan to get more organized and make effective use of our time. 6. All of my great lessons allow students to create, play, and demonstrate. It’s also about using effective transitions to move from activity to the next. 1. Having the aim in mind will prevent you from losing focus or just teaching your favourite topics. The time is the very approximate estimate of how long something is likely to take. This aspect of the lesson plan deals with what students have already covered in previous lessons or courses and so should be familiar with. Use the preceding points as a checklist to make sure you are planning your lessons in the most effective way possible. Inspiration. It should preferably have the general overview of the aims and objectives of the course, the plan of teaching and learning activities of the course and the activities planned to check the students’ understanding. Before making any decision about your content, think about the following questions : Incorporate tones and … It is important to plan each procedure in advance, paying attention to content, timing and who’s involved in the activity. 2. Lesson planning is the development of a set of habits of thought, not the filling in of a lesson plan template. 20 Observable Characteristics Of Effective Teaching Begins class promptly and in a well-organized way. Apart from the lesson’s aim(s), it is sometimes necessary to include some personal or methodological aims, especially, if you’re just starting out as a teacher. Therefore, when writing the lesson plan we focus on timing appropriately each task or activity. Having your board record planned helps put your board to good use such that, you may not need to clean the board throughout the lesson. Assumptions: this is also called presumed student knowledge or previous knowledge. If you want to gauge students’ views about the lesson’s topic, you might introduce a text, a video, or any other visual prompt to generate discussion and debate among them. Include relevant charts, maps, diagrams, colors and other imagery in your lessons. This is where you need to be flexible with regards to your lesson plan. After the lesson, take a few minutes to consider what worked and what didn't. It is Simple: A goods plan must be simple and comprehensive. But, they often don’t plan for the transitions that have a huge impact on classroom management. You’ll also learn when you should intervene to put an end to students’ discussion or debate in case negative arguments start to arise. Because, it’s the notion of time and organization which we, as instructors, often struggle with. 2. Although the contents of a lesson plan vary from one teacher to another, there are some universal components that guarantee the effectiveness of the plan. In order to access the characteristics in each content area, please click a content area below. This is because you’ve already planned how to correct them and provide practice to help them use accurate knowledge. But, what is more challenging and tough is maintaining their attention and engagement throughout its stages. They will work on that text differently. But, you need to call upon other ways to provide your input (through group discussion, role-playing sessions,problem-solving, reciprocal teaching, etc.). on the characteristics of an effective lesson plan *Provides clear instruction, explanations, expectations and assessments. An effective lesson plan may reflect a number of teaching characteristics – delivery of teaching and learning strategies, behaviour management and the classroom environment. Essentials of a Good Lesson Plan. Very good teachers therefore will be unafraid to change what they have planned if it is clearly not meeting the original learning objectives. Planning a great lesson takes time and effort. Writing the lesson plan … What’s the purpose of planning for our lessons? The procedure is a description of how something will be done. For instance, to develop their research skills, you can assign a range of tasks for students to do in groups. 5 Main Characteristics of an Effective Lesson Plan 19 December 2020/ By Zineb DJOUB. For instance. Introduction: This is the most important step because it “hooks” the student’s attention and sets the stage for the rest of the lesson. May enjoy drawing and is probably very observant. A lesson plan helps the teacher to evaluate his teaching and to … Knowing this, we often make assumptions that they can learn what we teach by connecting their prior knowledge with new knowledge. Treats students with respect and caring. It also entails varying the way you provide your instruction. This will help the teacher determine the amount of content the lesson can take. ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. For your lesson plan, the aim is what you think your students should be able to do better by the end of the lesson. Lesson planning for science: the EPIBA framework. These include acting and using materials to sustain students’ curiosity about what’s coming next. A key component to this step is a review of any previous material taught which the new lesson might build upon. If you plan your lesson carefully, you’re already off on the right foot in achieving a great lesson. It comes out spontaneously as you go through teaching. Some people include a script in their lessons, but I don’t like that as it can come off as unnatural and lock a teacher into a structure that may not suit their unique students. Effective Lesson Planning: Procedures and Tips. But be flexible: if something actually takes longer than you anticipated, take time to finish your main lesson aim and drop secondary aims. The interaction concerns who is working with whom – individual work/pair work/group work / whole class. So, it needs to stimulate your questioning and spark your curiosity to find out what works best with your students. Still, they work on the same concepts and ideas. Needs of Lesson Planning 2.1. You’ll also know how to make those inattentive on task and encourage those passive to get more involved. So, use it as a reflective tool to foster their learning. The following lines outline some of the vital qualities of an effective lesson plan. Generally, for a teacher, it is a work to be covered in a class period which runs for 40 to 50 minutes. Remember, start with what you want students to learn and then plan … Rather than letting the content take control of the lesson, ensure that the lesson is in control of the content. Your lesson plan can be a powerful teaching resource to support your students to learn and improve. When the plan is simple, all employees of the organisation can know its significance and it can be easily put into operation, which leads to achieve objective. -the way you sequenced them, Even if your questions are simple or easy to handle, this wait time should be always provided. Students who performed well on a previous drama activity may turn this text into a role play. Aims: the aim is the overall idea of what you set to achieve in the lesson. This type of reflection is invaluable in helping you develop as an educator. These are all reflected in Appendix One – Lesson Plan. What are the Characteristics of a Good Lesson-Plan? These characteristics can be used in any grade. Do they share any of these characteristics? “A lesson plan is a teacher's detailed description of the course of instruction or "learning trajectory" for a lesson. You need to analyse the language point you are going to teach: its form, meaning and pronunciation. This is what makes your lesson plan effective. Your lesson plan can open up avenues for you to innovate and make change based on your students’ learning needs. It’s true that our lesson plan guides us. For instance, playing certain music, showing a video, a picture, flashcards, an object that relate to the next idea/task, making gestures, sounds to point out to that. Shifting students from one task to the next more efficiently is a common issue among teachers. So, instead of placing more emphasis on content, we should provide opportunities for students to connect what they already know (from their everyday life and previous lessons) with new learning and help clear up their misconception. To give feedback on content. Lesson-plan should be child-centred. • What will I do to introduce this topic? 1) Variety within tasks: Students work on the same task, but they respond in different ways, depending on their needs and interests. But, how about ‘time for student involvement? This style of teaching shifts gears in the classroom by breaking learners into group and using hands on activities to make abstract ideas concrete. I’d love for you to leave a comment and let me know. Because it’s the road map that directs teachers’ practices and guides them. So, we overestimate students ’ prior knowledge and thus build new knowledge on a shaky foundation. A lesson plan is a clear working document for the teacher. And what you should do when students feel bored or off task. Visual Learner. LESSON PLAN by David Barona 1. In this case, the target language (grammar) will be the main aim while the language skill (speaking) will be the secondary aim of the lesson. Sometimes activities take longer, or students finish sooner than anticipated. The meaning is what the sentence means in the particular context, while the pronunciation has to do with anticipating every point of confusion students might face in trying to say the structure in the most natural way. Characteristics of Good Lesson Plans A lesson plan helps us to teach better. • How are they supposed to use such prior knowledge to learn this lesson? In the lesson-plan these should be provision of … Therefore, an effective lesson plan should allow for more flexibility. When planning for lessons, most of us focus tremendous effort on the content we will teach. Students do not come into our courses as blank slates, but rather with knowledge gained in other courses and through daily life. Most of all, your students will benefit from your preparation. Provides the significance/importance of information to be learned. While others are either talkative, off-task or passive and watching the whole class. It states why you are doing something, or why the students are doing something. And we try our best to cover the syllabus and reach the necessary progress in delivering our lessons. Because transitions are not just statements like saying to students: “Okay, let’s move on to the next point”. Evaluation. Reflecting on these questions will help you decide on the necessary tasks to do during the opening stage of your lessons to activate and assess your students’ prior knowledge. The first step is to plan your lesson from the student’s point of view. Your students will also understand the rationale for each activity and so get more attentive and engaged. There are many excellent guides with good resources using the syllabus that enables a teacher to prepare an effective lesson plan. The aims should be written at the top of the lesson plan to serve as a guide to other things that will go into the plan. A major teachers’ task is to grab their students’ attention from the start of the lesson. Understanding what scaffolding means in the educational setting is necessary to make effective use of its strategies. and this should be seen happening in the lesson. Because in their lesson plan most teachers indicate the stages they need to follow during their lessons along with their selected content, timing and materials. So, whenever you plan for your lessons, think about those moments and how much time you should allocate so that students can exploit them. Indeed, planning for those moments helps you know when you should stop talking and give opportunities for students to speak and express themselves. Length of the Lesson: a good lesson must have a clearly stated time span. Board record: you need to include what will go on the board in your lesson plan. -the way you checked for your students’ understanding. 4. Because we are restrained by time, assessment and benchmarks. To this end, an effective lesson plan should not be only descriptive (describing what and how you should do things in your lesson) but also evaluative (indicating at the end of the day what worked and didn’t work in your class and why). Other characteristics (for example concerning differentiation) will be discussed in 5. For instance, a grammar-oriented lesson may culminate in a speaking activity. For instance, if your material runs short or your class might not respond well to a particular activity, you have something to fall back on. For instance, in a reading comprehension task, you assign the same text for students to read in the class (the same input). This will mean you are fully prepared for possible problems and tricky questions. Planning is an integral part of the teaching process. You may think that using transitions does not require planning. A thorough lesson plan inspired the teacher to improve the lesson plan further. -students’ participation in class, It should be a document that a teacher can work from in the lesson, so it should be neat, clear, well-organized with clear and appropriate as well as achievable aims. These guides also have solved problems and notes which helps to save the time of teachers. Good Planning: Characteristics # 2. Is a systematic and process document based on scientific preparation. So, any attempt to refine it is worthwhile regardless of your teaching experience and/goal. 1. 1. In other words, another teacher would be able to teach your lesson by using your plan as a guide. A big part of having lesson plans is being able to track your teaching activities throughout the term. You can do a quiz or address a set of questions to tap such preexisting knowledge. That is, the amount of time your students need to think about their ideas before sharing them with others. 8. Generally speaking the following are the characteristics of a good lesson plan: It should be written: A lesson plan preferable be written and should not remain at the oral or mental stage. The language of the lesson, especially, depends so much on the class of learners. What can we do in any type of lesson, with any group of learners, to ensure this remains the overriding focus for everybody – teachers and students? GOALS To summarize NJ standards-based reform efforts To describe the value of effective planning To discuss and utilize various components of effective lesson plans To provide templates for lesson plans To give guidance for substitute plans Here are five basic teaching strategies to deliver an effective lesson plan. Revise the previous lesson, check homework orally, correct common mistakes, … etc or any other activity that can activate students and prepare them to receive the new material. If you have, for example, decided to do a discussion task for 10 minutes, consider also your wait time. This emphasises the point that lessons should be part of an overall syllabus or structure, with links not just within a single lesson, but between different lessons. All classrooms need more of this. 2) A variety of tasks: Students work on different tasks. If you want to learn more about the process of lesson planning you can check out this post: Effective Lesson Planning: Procedures and Tips. Aims are better phrased from the students’ perspective. You might decide to start with a revision of previous content because it’s relative to the learning requirements of your lesson. I need more of this in my classroom. A lesson plan is a clear working document for the teacher. It tells us what should be done, how and when in a lesson. However sticking rigidly to a plan could be disastrous if the students have clearly switched off or unable to access to the content of the lesson. 7. -The type of activities you selected, And covering the syllabus is required, but it is not a sign of teachers’ success since it doesn’t necessarily imply that students are making progress. I encourage you to think of your best lesson. 1. Yet, flexibility doesn’t only mean varying activities and tasks. Anticipated difficulties and Solutions: it is necessary that you anticipate some difficulties that students might face with the activities or the target language and be ready with solutions. The aim refers to the aim of that specific stage of the lesson; almost everything that a teacher says or does in a lesson is said or done for a reason. Many of the elements of a great lesson plan are innately tied to each other and key to its sequence. So, on the basis of what you know about your students, you can offer variety within tasks or a variety of tasks. Practices can help our students develop such potential @ doe.state.nj.us 2 have if..., explanations, expectations and assessments content because it ’ s move on to the point... Is, the amount of content the lesson case the unexpected happens materials to sustain students ’ learning.... 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