Asgard is one of the nine worlds of Norse mythology. Pets were as important to the Norse of the Viking Age (c. 790-1100 CE) as they were to any other culture, past or present. "Norse Pets in the Viking Age." Polar bears were also domesticated and scholar Sveinbjorn Rafnsson notes how Norse settlements in Iceland and Greenland were able to export exotic valuables to Europe, including the polar bear (Sawyer, 132). Dogs were not only honored through mythological and spiritual connections, however, but were an important part of everyday life in Scandinavia. Who were the Cat Sidhe? The origins of the Norwegian Forest cat are unclear, but many people believe their ancestors were first introduced in Norway over a thousand years ago by the Vikings. The head farmer of a community is asked to consult a volva named Thorbjorg on when the famine might end. Scholar H.R. Cat Mythology covers many things. These bears were then known as “house bears” (Viking Answer Lady, 10). Norse cat names. License. The goddess Freyja was the goddess of love, sorcery and death. The beautiful goddess Freyja in Norse mythology had a carriage drawn by two cats. In Jewish legend, the first cat was living in the house of the first man Adam as a pet that got rid of mice. The cat then ordered the man to cut of its head. In time, these bears became more of a nuisance than anything else and importing them to Iceland was forbidden by law. The fabulous Norwegian Forest Cat, or " skogkatt " was most likely the breed of cat that was given to the new bride. There are so many similarities between the two goddesses that scholars believe they were once a single deity. Freyja, (Old Norse: “Lady”), most renowned of the Norse goddesses, who was the sister and female counterpart of Freyr and was in charge of love, fertility, battle, and death. The second of these challenges is to lift a large gray cat off the floor. … In addition, in Norse mythology it is said that it is Norwegian Forest Cats that pulled Freyja’s chariot. 2. "Norse Pets in the Viking Age." Tyr: pronounced TIR. Ancient History Encyclopedia. The unpredictable cat’s association with the goddess of luck and chance emphasizes how little cats have changed from the Viking Age to the present time and the depiction of dogs as faithful companions and partners in adventure shows the same for them. According to mythologist and scholar Jakob Grimm, “when a bride goes to the wedding in fine weather, they say `she has fed the cat well’, not offended the favorite of the love goddess” (Chapter 13, p. 14). The association of cats with Freyja has to do with the nature of the cat itself: it was considered as unpredictable as life itself. The Norse goddess Freya (Freyja) had a chariot drawn by two large grey or blue cats (possibly Norwegian Forest Cats) called "Gib-cats" in the Prose Edda (a collection of Norse tales compiled in 1220AD by Icelandic historian Snorri Sturluson). : a male name referring to â a god or divinityâ ; perfect for male cats that act like they’re gods. L Mythological lions (35 P) Besides cats as Freyja’s favorite and the mystical guides of the seeress, they also feature in the myth of Fenrir, the great wolf who will break free at Ragnarok, the end of the world and twilight of the gods, and in the tale of Thor’s contest at the castle of the giant Utgarda-Loki. The Norwegian Forest cat features prominently in Norse mythology as the skogkatt, a mystical cat with the power to climb sheer rock faces. The dog acted as a kind of psychopomp, guiding the soul from the realm of life to the land beyond death. Semi-longhaired and large, Skogkatts are adorable sociable cats. Dogs were imported to Iceland as evidenced by excavations of graves which contain full skeletons of dogs and they were buried both with their masters and on their own. Meowgical Mythology Of Cats 1. These dogs were highly valued and expensive to train and keep and so became status symbols among the Norse. The Norse goddess Freyja, deity of love, fertility, war, wealth, divination … Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. This name is derived from the Old Norse word 'freyr', which means 'lord'. On her feet she wore calfskin shoes with the hair still on them. Although it may be hard to imagine a Viking chief bringing his favorite dog or cat along on a raid, recent genetic studies point to precisely such a scenario as it is now thought that Vikings transported cats and dogs on their raids on foreign shores and that these were kept as both working animals and pets in Norse households. The cat wins a silver castle full of gold and jewels by tricking a troll who lived in the castle into talking until sunrise at which point the troll turned to stone. The myth goes on to state that Thor's victory will be short-lived as he is destined to take only nine steps (the number of lives of a cat!) Mark, J. J. Prior to interment, the bear was eaten and only its bones were placed in the grave (Jennbert, 147). (Myths and Symbols, 57). A freelance writer and former part-time Professor of Philosophy at Marist College, New York, Joshua J. Although cats seem to have enjoyed their ancient high standing in European countries at first (in Norse mythology, for example, the great goddess Freya is depicted in a chariot drawn by cats and in both Ireland and Scotland cats are depicted as magical in a positive sense) the Christian Church, following their regular course of demonizing important pagan symbols, drew on the pre-existing link … Ancient History Encyclopedia. Freyja’s chariot was pulled by cats, specifically the skogkatt (Norwegian Forest Cat), which is larger and more powerful than most domesticated housecats. This cord, though incredibly light, is strong enough to hold Fenrir. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mythological felines. Mother Goddess figures, or protective female deities in general, are often depicted with a dog, and in Norse mythology, they are linked to the powerful goddess Frigg, Odin’s consort. The gray cat was actually the Midgard serpent which encircles the world. Mark has lived in Greece and Germany and traveled through Egypt. 24 Dec 2020. Mark, Joshua J. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. In Norse mythology, Freyja (/ ˈfreɪə /; Old Norse for " (the) Lady ") is a goddess associated with love, beauty, fertility, sex, war, gold, and seiðr. Web. Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. In Norse mythology, the god Ing was also known by the name 'Yngvi freyr', which means 'lord Ing'. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. Cats, then, played an integral part in the lives of the people of Scandinavia whether they stayed home on their farms or went raiding as Vikings. Utgard-Loki (king of the Frost Giants who are the enemies of the gods of Asgard) gave Thor a number of tasks to test his strength, one of which was lifting a huge cat. Scholar Anne-Sofie Graslund comments on this: The dog is both nature and culture, both good and evil, and stands between this world and the other world. Bears, hawks, and falcons were also kept as pets. H.R. The Norse also kept pet bears and birds, such as the falcon, hawk, and the peacock. More dog remains have been found in Scandinavian burial sites than in those of any other culture. Interestingly, though Freyja's cats certainly catch the popular imagination, Old Norse literature never recorded the names of the goddess's cats. Whether Garm is or is not the guardian of Hel, dogs were closely associated with the gods and the afterlife. Please help us create teaching materials on Mesopotamia (including several complete lessons with worksheets, activities, answers, essay questions, and more), which will be free to download for teachers all over the world. In their native land, they are called Norsk Skogkatt, which means “forest cat.” She was among the most beautiful women in the cosmos that everyone in the cosmos desired her as their bride. Mark, Joshua J. : Subcategories. Later scholars (such as Rudolf Simek and John Lindow) dispute Snorri’s interpretation, however, pointing out that the dog who guards Hel has no name and that Garm is identical to the great wolf Fenrir as both are loosed at Ragnarok and both kill the war-god Tyr who sacrificed his hand to bind Fenrir. On it was a knob, decorated with brass and set with stones. 1. [Snorri Sturluson; Jesse L Byock] -- Prose Edda was designed as a handbook for poets to compose in the style of the skalds of the Viking ages. The Vikings kept dogs and cats as pets and both feature in Norse religious iconography and literature. Freyja riding with her cats print, Norse mythology, nordic goddess illustration, scandinavian decor, Freija poster, wall art #333 Sale Price $7.20 $ 7.20 $ 9.00 Original Price $9.00" (20% off) In Norse mythology, Freya was the goddess of war, love, and sex. Frey: pronounced FRAY. Whether this practice applied only to house bears or bears in general is unknown. In Norse everyday life, cats were an important aspect of the household who controlled rats and mice and were also carried aboard Viking ships. The account Davidson references is from the Eyrbyggja Saga and concerns a famine in Greenland. It may be that Frigg’s association with dogs is a later development intended to further differentiate her from Freyja and her cat-drawn chariot but utilizing similar imagery. (Sommerville & McDonald, 54). (171). … Continue reading The Self and Its Parts → © 2008 Feline Forever, Oil Burners and Incense Holders featuring Cats, Kemet Design: Gifts inspired by Ancient Egypt, Ancient Egypt Online: A website all about Ancient Egypt. There is archaeological and genetic evidence of Vikings carrying cats to Greenland, and it is possible, though not proven, that cats – as well as dogs - were also aboard the Viking ships of Leif Erikson when he landed at Vinland (Newfoundland, Canada) in the New World. Did you know that King Arthur battled a monstrous giant cat? Ragnarökby Johannes Gehrts (Public Domain). Well, cats have been associated with femininity and fertility since ancient Egypt, so it isn’t surprising that cats would be associated with Freya in Norse mythology. Norwegian Forest cats were also thought to have been favored by the Norse goddess Freya. When she arrives at his house, a description is given: Around her neck, she had glass beads and, on her head, she wore a hood of black lambskin with an inner lining of white catskin. Cats in Ancient Egypt. Her father was Njörd, the sea god.Pigs were sacred to her, and she rode a boar with golden bristles. Gialp: the name means â yelperâ ; one of Geirrod’s giantess daughters. The cat was once partnering with the first dog before the latter broke an oath they had made which resulted in enmity between the descendants of these two animals. (2019, January 18). Norse Legend. Cats were the favorite animal of the fertility goddess Freyja, who was also the goddess of love and luck. Animal Graves: Dog, Horse, Bear by Kristina Jennbert, Cats Sailed With Vikings to Conquer the World, says Genetic Study, Dogs in Graves: A Question of Symbolism by Anne-Sofie Graslund, The Temple of Nehalennia at Domburg by Freyia Volundarhusins, Viking Answer Lady: Viking Pets and Domesticated Animals, Norse Mythology: A Guide to Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Viking-era cats descend from the second wave, which began as early as 1700 B.C., as sailors began bringing cats with them on their ancient voyages for … She apparently had such a soft spot for cats that she would bless those who were kind to them. Norway, a beautiful country, is famous for its scenic fjords, the famous Norse gods and goddesses, and, of course, the Skogkatt or the Norwegian Forest cat. Cats are sacred to Freya, the goddess of love and beauty, one of the original fertility … With pets, as with so many other aspects of life, the fundamental differences between the people of the past and those of the present are really quite small. Naming your cat is a personal thing and it is not easy to find a perfect kitten name. This category has only the following subcategory. The Egyptians had a strict policy regarding the sale and transport of cats from their country: it was prohibited. Nobody had better knowledge of sorcery than Freyja. Bibliography Norse Pets in the Viking Age. Even though cats were sacred to Freyja, or at least favored by her, they were sacrificed in rituals and their fur used in lining gloves and other apparel but, at the same time, it was considered bad luck to kill a cat. The Norse goddess Freya (Freyja) had a chariot drawn by two large grey or blue cats (possibly Norwegian Forest Cats) called "Gib-cats" in the Prose Edda (a collection of Norse tales compiled in 1220AD by Icelandic historian Snorri Sturluson). Thor fails at all three tasks but is later told by the giant that magic had transformed everything and none of the challenges had actually been what they seemed. The goddess Freyja taught the chief god Odin the art of witchcraft and sorcery.It seems evident that ever since the Viking times cats have been associated with magic and witchcraft. The Norwegian Forest Cat (NFC or Wegie) originated in the forests of Norway around 4,000 years ago, and is considered one of the oldest cat breeds. The importance of the dog to its master is emphasized by the inclusion of dogs in Odin’s great hall of Valhalla in the afterlife. This is hardly surprising since, according to Adam of Bremen (c. 1050 - c. 1085 CE), dogs were among the sacrifices at the Temple of Uppsala in Sweden dedicated to Odin, Thor, and Freyr, the fertility god and brother of Freyja. It is easier to imagine Skadi with bears or martins as her animals, although she’s usually associated with wolves. In Norse mythology, Freyja, the goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, is depicted as riding a chariot drawn by cats. After some persuasion the man did so and the cat was transformed back into a beautiful princess who told him that she had been turned into a cat by the troll. Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe: Early Scandinavian and Celtic Religions... Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike, Norwegian Buhund (Source: Viking Answer Lady). The best-known dog from Norse mythology is Garm (also given as Garmr), who, according to mythologist Snorri Sturluson (1179-1241 CE), guarded the gates of the afterlife realm of Hel. Dogs were companions as well as working animals, and farmers who could afford it would keep both hunting and herd dogs. If you’re thinking of getting one, you might be … The Norwegian Forest Cat is a very common domestic cat in the Nordic countries to this day. Mark, published on 18 January 2019 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Get this from a library! She is … The mystical Norwegian Forest Cat found a place in Viking legends and Norse mythology. In the first story, Fenrir breaks the first two fetters the gods place him in, and the gods then go to the dwarves, makers of magical items, and bring back a cord named Gleipnir (“open one”) made from the sound of a cat walking, the beard of a woman, the roots of the mountains, the breath of a fish, and the spittle of a bird or, as scholar Rudolf Simek notes, “from everything that does not exist” (113). Graslund notes how they obviously played an important sacrificial role in funerary rites but also how often they are depicted, sometimes in great detail, in rock carvings which show hunting scenes and also ritual ceremonies (167). https://www.ancient.eu/article/1313/. The line that separates self and other is fairly absolute and unalterable. She was often called upon in matters of the heart. Ellis Davidson writes: The link between cats and the goddess [Freyja] has not been satisfactorily explained, but the gloves made of cat-skin, white and furry inside, mentioned in the Greenland account, suggests that cats were among the animal spirits which would aid the volva on her supernatural journey. The great Icelandic sagas mention dogs accompanying their masters to Valhalla after death. (Gods and Myths, 120). They were given to her by Thor and used by Freyja to travel to the funeral of her lover, Baldur. They went back out to the lake called Amsvartnir, … Fenrir (the wolf god who was the son of Loki the trickster) was destined to destroy Odin during Ragnarok (the battle at the end of the world) but was restrained by a magical chain known as Gleipnir ("deceiver" or "entangler") which was made of six magical ingredients: the beard of a woman, the roots of a mountain, the sinews of a bear, the breath of a fish, the spit of a bird and the sound of a cat walking. During this period, devout... 3. See more ideas about norse mythology, norse, mythology. Whether the Norse domesticated other wild animals as pets is unknown but certainly possible. The cat was no doubt imported to Scandinavia through trade with either the Phoenicians or Romans and the first cats to make the trip were probably smuggled out of Egypt. It means uncertain, so it might work perfectly for a more timid cat. Norse mythology is attested in dialects of Old Norse, spoken by Scandinavians in the Middle Ages. Related Content Bears were fairly common pets but hawks and falcons were only kept by nobility and wealthy merchants and the same was true of peacocks. It is not only the soul of the warrior that lives on in the hall but also that of his dog. Freyja is the owner of the necklace Brísingamen, rides a chariot pulled by two cats, is accompanied by the boar Hildisvíni, and possesses a cloak of falcon feathers. Ellis Davidson notes: Dog skeletons, sometimes several at a time, are found along with those of horses and cattle in the great Scandinavian ship-burials of the Viking Age, and both large hunting dogs and smaller breeds in individual graves…In Scandinavian myth and legend the dog is the guardian of the underworld and one reason for putting a dog into a grave might be to provide a guide for the dead. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2020) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Brown bear cubs would be taken when young and raised by the people of a home to be fully domesticated. Stories, artwork, Gods and Goddesses, and entire ways of thinking. Evolutionary geneticist Eva-Maria Geigl notes the same maternal DNA found in cats from ancient Egypt is present in those found at a Viking site in northern Germany dated to the 8th and 11th centuries CE (Cats Sailed with Vikings, 3). Primarily, however, the Norse of the Viking Age shared their homes, beds, ships, and days with cats and dogs just as people do in the modern day. The sound of a cats walk The beard of a woman The roots of a mountain The sinews of a bear The breath of a fish The spittle of a bird. The role cats play in the volva’s work in this account is unspecified but it is thought that the objects she carried and items of apparel she wore all had mystical significance. She carried a staff in her hand. Cat Names Based on Norse Mythology: Elves and Dwarves. Submitted by Joshua J. When the leash “Gleipnir” was brought back to the Aesir in Asgard. The dogs could bear the souls through the border area from the land of the living to the land of the dead…but dogs were not only conductors to the realm of the dead, they also acted as guards at the entrance of the underworld so that the living could not enter and the dead could not leave. This site is written and maintained on behalf of Seti and Loki by their pets, Jenny and Simon of Kemet Design. During the Middle Ages, cats were despised by the Church. Wild bears were sacrificed just as dogs, horses, and other animals but it seems house bears were given a burial. The mystical Norwegian Forest cat features prominently in Norse mythology, Norse mythology! 1, 2020 - Explore Viking blog 's board `` Norse mythology had that... After in the cosmos desired her as their bride s usually associated with the power to climb sheer faces... Fine weather on the ends only kept by nobility and wealthy merchants the... 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