Holliday's first screen triumph propelled her onto bigger roles, including "Born Yesterday," for which she won an Academy Award. Douglas plots a return to national prominence by milking the story of a man trapped in a Native American cave dwelling as a riveting human-interest story, complete with a tourist-laden, carnival atmosphere outside the rescue scene. Released a year after the killing of Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, the film brought the issue of hate crimes clearly into the American public spotlight. Fuji. Her approach to the film's production was an important digression from "direct cinema" toward a more personal filmmaking style. "One-Eyed Jacks" displays his trademark introspection and offbeat quirkiness. On its release, Stanley Kubrick described Claudia Weill's "Girlfriends" as "one of the most interesting American films he had seen in a long time." At the center of the ensemble is Burt Lancaster as a sergeant involved in a torrid affair with his commander's wife, Deborah Kerr, their romance culminating in the famous lovemaking scene on the beach. Expanded essay by Scott MacDonald (PDF, 238KB), Val Lewton achieved the almost miraculous when he produced "Cat People." For many film critics and historians, "Bridge on the River Kwai" signals a shift in Lean's directorial style from simpler storytelling toward the more bloated epics that characterized his later career. Bolstered by support from Jean Arthur and Thomas Mitchell, Stewart's Mr. Smith fights back on behalf of his home state constituents. [12] Kelley fought to make it illegal for children under the age of 14 to work and to limit the number of hours for children under 16. Alvin York who, in an Argonne Forest World War I battle, single-handedly captured more than 130 German soldiers. Told largely with revealing news clips and archival footage interspersed with personal reminiscences, "The Times of Harvey Milk," directed by Rob Epstein, vividly recounts the life of San Francisco's first openly gay elected city official. Finally, the abyss swallows Garfield "down, down, down... to the bottom of the world. Shirley MacLaine also stars as Douglas's wife, then widow, who sees Chauncey as a romantic prospect. "A Bronx Morning" won Leyda a scholarship to study with the renowned Soviet filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein. To prove his worthiness to become the regiment's trumpeter, water bearer Gunga Din bravely comes to the rescue. This is the first feature-length film by an African-American woman to receive a wide theatrical release. Richardson was nominated for an Oscar and de Havilland captured one for her transformation from wallflower to iceberg. Film poster, Director John Huston directed three classic war documentaries for the U.S. Army Signal Corps during the period 1943-46, and two of those titles, "Battle of San Pietro" and "Let There Be Light," are included on the National Film Registry. Producer Samuel Goldwyn always claimed credit for the film, reportedly once saying: "I made "Wuthering Heights;" Wyler only directed it." USC Archivist Dino Everett and Dr. Allyson Nadia Field of the University of Chicago discovered and brought this important film to the attention of scholars and the public. Expanded essay by Patricia R. Zimmermann and Sean Zimmermann Auyash (PDF, 378KB), Robert Altman directed this funny and poignant series of vignettes following more than 20 characters, including several who are country music performers, as they gather at a Nashville political rally. Wilder was fresh off the enormous hit "Some Like it Hot," his first collaboration with Lemmon, and with "The Apartment" Lemmon showed that he could move from light comedian to tragic everyman. Adapted by Robert Sherwood from MacKinlay Kantor's novel "Glory for Me," Gregg Toland's deep-focus cinematography is memorable for emotionally evokative long dolly shots. Davis' final words electrify one of the most famous endings in romantic cinema: "Oh Jerry, don't let's ask for the moon. Established the National Council for the American Worker and the American Workforce Policy Advisory Board. The timing of this production was important due to the ages of the key witnesses and relatives and the need to refresh viewers' memories regarding a dark period in U.S. history. Brakhage later incorporated it into a longer film titled "The Art of Vision" (1965). This sci-fi classic about a man (Grant Williams) who starts to shrink after being exposed to a strange cloud while on vacation is notable for its intelligent script and imaginative special effects which seem simplistic by modern standards. Produced by the Georgia Department of Public Health, profiles the life and work of "Miss Mary" Coley, an African-American midwife living in rural Georgia. Hawks had writers Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur, who penned the original play, craft dialogue scenes in which lines overlapped as in ordinary conversations, but still remained understandable, a style he continued in later films. Frederick S. Armitage, who is credited with directing the film, edited the footage into a two-minute film that first shows the intact building crumble "as if struck by a tornado of supernatural strength," courtesy of the time-lapse photography. Winner of a Sundance Grand Jury prize, Pat O'Neill's influential experimental work is in his own words "a landscape film that became animated by the beginnings of human stories." Movie poster. Disney Studios further solidified its position as the producer of modern-day animated masterpieces with this lyrical 1994 offering. After six months in the editing room, Erich von Stroheim turned over his cut of the film to Universal Pictures. Most memorable is Sean Penn as the spaced-out surfer dude Jeff Spicoli. William Dieterle directed Paul Muni as French novelist Zola who defends the falsely accused Captain Dreyfus (Joseph Schildkraut in an Oscar-winning performance). In its widely acclaimed climactic ditch-digging sequence, the film presents images celebrated muscular working-class manhood that also marked public art of the period, which addressed anxieties about the masculinity during times of economic crisis. Nolan recounts, "My solution to telling the story subjectively was to deny the audience the same information that the protagonist is denied, and my approach to doing that was to effectively tell the story backwards ... so the story is told as a series of flashbacks which go further and further back in time." Production credits cite Christian Nyby as the director of this science fiction classic, but the producer, Howard Hawks, is most responsible for the film's thrills, strong narrative and well-defined characters. Jane's scanty costumes and "nude" swimming scene (performed by a double) rankled Production Code bigwigs, and the numerous sequels that followed would reflect more family-friendly sensibilities. Eventually, Stallone and United Artists crafted a deal, and the film became a top-grossing cultural sensation in 1976. Traumatized by the event, the reclusive Cornell rarely exhibited his films again, though he did continue to experiment with the medium until his death in 1972. The all-black-cast film "Hallelujah" was a surprising gamble by normally conservative MGM, allowed chiefly because director King Vidor deferred his salary and MGM had proved slow to convert from silent to sound films. Arguably the greatest movie about Hollywood, director Billy Wilder's masterpiece is a combination of noir, black comedy, and character study. While the film did not initially recoup its investment, it did help to establish its studio, MGM, as one of the major players in the industry. Special Thanks: Jon Mirsalis, Paramount Pictures Archives, Richard W. Bann, Ray Faiola, David Gerstein. It became mandatory viewing for all soldiers in American replacement centers from spring 1944 until the war's end. This film is online courtesy Chicago Film Archives External. The researchers take the pilot back to their station, where he comes to life and terrorizes the crew. Starring prominent Asian-American actors Nancy Kwan and James Shigeta, this milestone film presented an enduring three-dimensional portrait of Asian America as well as a welcomed, non-cliched portrait of Chinatown beyond the usual exotic tourist façades. View it free at Paramount Vault, This holiday favorite written and directed by George Seaton depicts a kindly old man calling himself Kris Kringle (Edmund Gwenn) who is hired as the Macy's department store Santa. The story began life as a 1922 stage hit and was filmed twice previously. Brooks tempers the over-the-top gags and stereotypical characters with a touch of sweetness to give the audience an entertaining ride. Madeline Andersonâs documentary brings viewers to the front lines of the civil rights movement during the 1969 Charleston hospital workersâ strike, when black female workers marched for fair pay and union recognition. She wanted to get the bill passed and then to change the language. Expanded essay by Peter Keough (PDF, 485KB). Having solidly established its setting and characters through its many poignant and atmospheric touches, the film "touches the deep places of the heart," as one Variety reviewer wrote, and makes its audience believe that prayers are answered and that love can restore health. For the most part, it is a very close adaptation of Booth Tarkington's novel about the relentless decline of a wealthy Midwestern family through the rise of industrialization. George Stevens Jr. and a memorable cast bring Edna Ferber's sprawling novel of the Texas plains to life with panoramic visual style and memorable small touches. Renowned silent era writer-director Lois Weber drew on her experiences as a missionary to create "Shoes," a masterfully crafted melodrama heightened by Weber's intent to create, as she noted in an interview, "a slice out of real life." International relief worker Ellen Bruno's master's thesis at Stanford University, "Samsara," documents the struggle of the Cambodian people to rebuild a shattered society in the aftermath of Pol Pot's killing fields. This sleeper hit helped define an era, grossed over $3 million, achieved prominent cult status among Generations X to Z, and easily garnered the most public votes in this year's National Film Registry balloting. Throughout the film, Dracula and the Monster cavort in plain view of the quivering Costello who is unable to convince the ever-poised and dubious Abbott that the monsters exist. "Empire" is considered by many to be the best film in the original "Star Wars" trilogy. The resulting product was one of the earliest examples of surrealism in film, thanks to highly-stylized sets and costumes by the flamboyant Natacha Rambova as well as its overtly theatrical and sexualized presentation. In addition to the fine acting, "Twelve O'Clock High" features impressive camerawork by Leon Shamroy who masterfully captures the harrowing tension of a dangerous aerial attack. Despite its original X rating (later downgraded to an R), the film won the best-picture Oscar, defeating the crowd-pleasing "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid." Martin Scorsese packed an assortment of urban fears into this story of New York taxi driver Travis Bickle (Robert De Niro) and his rampage against the "scum" of the earth. In the film, DeVito plays a down-on-his-luck photographer determined to capture visual magic and fame. Max Ophuls had 18 European films to his credit when he fled Europe in 1941 for Hollywood, where he initally freelanced as a writer and director, and later helmed "Letter from an Unknown Woman." The film premiered in December 1936 at the first Surrealist exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art. Despite a clunky foray into human characters, this is one of Pixar's best short subjects. Film noir comes to Alabama in this ripped-from-the-headlines tale in a film based on notorious real-life 1954 events, Albert Patterson is an attorney trying to clean up his mob-controlled town — Phenix City, aka "Sin City, U.S.A." — and is killed while running for state attorney general. Expanded essay by Ariel Schudson (PDF, 384KB), Film melodrama comes in many variations, but director Douglas Sirk's style of domestic melodrama is marked by stylized interiors and use of mirrors, where the role of photography is crucial, with exquisite use of primary colors and camera angles to convey emotion and mood. The film was produced by the team's long-time collaborator, Hal Roach, the king of no-holds-barred comedy. In 1968, Churchill Films distributed the film in 16mm for the educational market. Janet Gaynor, Frank Borzage, and Benjamin Glazer won Oscars for their work on the film, specifically awards for Best Actress, Best Directing (Dramatic Picture), and Best Writing (Adaptation), respectively. This full-length feature was designed to introduce audiences to the technologically revolutionary widescreen process of Cinerama. Other fair organizers resigned with one exclaiming, "No one is going to make a clown out of my Jesus." They still remain.". Movie poster. The film's true star is its special effects, including the spectacular parting of the Red Sea, for which it won an Oscar. Both stars continued to reign until the transition to talking pictures, which neither Gilbert nor Adorée weathered successfully. However, when Macreedy announces that he is looking for a former Japanese-American Black Rock resident named Komoko, town skeletons suddenly burst into the open. John Ford, Henry Hathaway, and George Marshall directed the individual episodes of this sprawling epic which was originally released in Cinerama. Charlie Chaplin's first all-talking film gives the Little Tramp the opportunity to mix politics with comedy while he stars in a dual role as a Jewish barber and as dictator Adenoid Hynkel. William Wyler served as director through preproduction and supervised location scouting and set construction, as well as the crucial casting of Roddy McDowall in the lead role. Jannings' Academy Award-winning performance towers over the screen, showcasing emotions ranging from his forceful leadership as a tsarist general, to incredulous dismay at the loss of his beloved country and his lover who helped him escape. William Powell portrays Godfrey with knife-edged delivery, the forgotten man whom Lombard has turned into the family butler. [9] Kelley used the NCL to address her own policies such as local hours and wages of women via data collection and activism. After two previous film versions of Dashiell Hammett's detective classic "The Maltese Falcon," Warner Bros. finally captured the true essence of Hammett's story in 1941 by wisely adhering to the original as faithfully as possible. Led several of the most original of 1930s musicals an assemblage of film and can be nine. Enss ( PDF, 217KB ) and edgy pacing from Boston schooling turns! Flight combat and shows both pilots and officers as vulnerable individuals its brilliance 682KB... Spending was $ 296 billion ( based on an even greater scale three years and ended may. Generations filmmakers and animators such as Norman McLaren, Jordan Belson, and Robert Capa 's dynamic style dwarfs.... Life and terrorizes the crew Hepburn conveyed intelligent curiosity, exuberant impetuosity, combined... 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