thumbs up meaning in different countries

Starting in 2007, the thumbs-up also appeared on India's one-rupee coin. But in some parts of the world, such as West Africa and the Middle … V-sign (middle and index finger) with palm facing the speaker 4. V in Australia and England. As the American usage of a thumbs-up as “O.K.” expanded in the 20th Century, older negative meanings remained in some areas of the world. Source(s): Been deployed to Iraq … This symbol's original meaning was a … America: Waving the hand left and right, with the palm facing the side in front of your face, indicates that something smells bad.Japan: It means “no.” “No can do,” “Impossible,” or even “No, thank you” are also expressed with this gesture. Try to avoid it in Thailand, though, where it’s a sign of condemnation. Japan: The symbol of a lover or significant other.ASL: The sign for the letter I. America, Ecuador: “Come here.” This gesture is also used when seducing someone.Philippines: It’s only used to call a dog. No playing "Heads Up 7-Up" in Thailand, Iran, Afghanistan, and Greece. America: Good. There are two neck cutting gestures with very different meanings. The "thumbs up" sign popular in the United States is used widely in most of Europe to say "OK" (it also represents the number one when counting). How the thumbs up became an upbeat gesture in the first place is something of a mystery. It is pretty much used as the same way as done in other countries. Read on, or watch the video, to see the hand gestures you definitely don't want to make overseas. Thumbs-up definition is - an instance or gesture of approval or encouragement. However, in several countries in West Africa and the Middle East, including Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan, the gesture has the connotation of "up yours!" Not only could your intended message get lost in translation, you could actually end up offending or otherwise causing an unintentional, but inappropriate and unfortunate circumstance for yourself. Common hand gestures used in the United States carry very different meanings in other cultures. All those gestures have offensive connotations away from American soil. as well as other partner offers and accept our, David Anderson, Matthew Stuart, Mark Abadi, Shayanne Gal, insulting and scatological connotations,". But as it turns out, not all hand signals are created equal. America: Means hoping for good luck.Vietnam: It is thought to resemble female genitals, and is similar to giving the middle finger.ASL: The sign for the letter R. America: Usually used by rockers, when the index and pinky are raised it is a sign of approval or “rock on!”Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Spain, Italy, Portugal: This sign is made at someone to tell them that their spouse is cheating on them. Richard Nixon once raised some eyebrows in the 1950s when he made the gesture in Brazil as he stepped off a plane. The “thumbs up” sign was originally thought to have come from the Roman Coliseum, where the fates of gladiators were decided. When you don’t know the local language, body language can be a helpful way to understand what is going on.Traveling to an Arab country can definitely be colorful because of the enormous amount of gesticulation that Arabs do while talking. The thumbs-up gesture is commonly used in many cultures to signify a job well done. Conversely, the acceptance level of people in English speaking countries differs from other parts of the world where the English language is not that commonly spoken. In this article, we'll discuss why it's important to be aware of the different meanings body language has in different countries and cultures. America: Used to imitate an Italian gesture.Italy: Used when something is unclear. V-sign (middle and index finger) with palm facing the speaker 4. America: It’s not commonly used, but it means an animal ears or horns. Traveling to an Arab country can definitely be colorful because of the enormous amount of gesticulation that Arabs do while talking. Sign up for a daily selection of our best stories — based on your reading preferences. Be aware though – not all hand gestures have the same meaning in all countries! A hand gesture that is commonly used among all Filipino is thumbs up. Thumbs up is perhaps the most common of hand gestures and one that has been used for thousands of years. You may thing you're telling someone they're A-OK , or being encouraging by giving a thumbs up, but in different countries around the world, hand … The Importance of Cultural Awareness It's used the same way the middle finger is in the US. The "thumbs up" sign popular in the United States is used widely in most of Europe to say "OK" (it also represents the number one when counting). For example, in some countries, pointing a finger at a person is considered an insult, which is why in the U.S. we tell children “don’t point.” While in Italy pointing is used to indicate a direction. However, in Latin America, West Africa and Iran the thumbs up basically means an “up yours.” If the origins of both gestures are linked, we can only assume this meant, "Do not kill the prisoner, he seems the perfect solution to the emperor's arthritic finger." V-sign with palm facing away from the speaker Many thanks! The thumbs up sign in Middle Eastern countries, Iran, Iraq and Thailand, is an extremely obscene gesture, equivalent to flipping the finger in Europe. Americans should be aware that the gesture has multiple meanings at home, too — in recent years, the OK symbol has been linked with white supremacy groups. Can anyone tell me what the below mean in China? By clicking ‘Sign up’, you agree to receive marketing emails from Business Insider America: It either indicates "fancy" when drinking tea or it's a sign that you're making a promise that should not be broken, also called a pinky swear. Luckily body language can help us communicate when words fail to do so. This seemingly-innocuous gesture that means, "Great! 6 Answers. Can anyone tell me what the below mean in China? Making a circle with your thumb and your index finger … OK sign. The thumbs-up sign consists of a closed fist held with the thumb extended upward. In English, it is popularly known as 'thumbs up', despite the fact that the action is commonly performed with only one hand. Over the early 2000's, a pointing … Newsletter Sign Up. This is less a single gesture than a motion: flicking your hand outward, palm up, … “Unfortunately, in Iran and neighboring countries like Afghanistan, the thumbs-up is equivalent to the middle finger!” explains Dana Hooshmand, an author for Discover Discomfort, a … This positive gesture has a totally different meaning in Latin America, West Africa, Iraq, Iran and Afghanistan. Anti-war activists later adopted it as a symbol of peace, and today the gesture is known as "the peace sign.". Thumbs Up. It is worth looking into different hand gestures when you ... Thumbs up. In Thailand, however this gestures is a sign of mockery and condemnation. More: Europe Travel International Destinations Video Destinations travel. Subscriber Knowing how to sign numbers is especially useful when bargaining in China. Italy: The chin flick. When we go overseas, sometimes language can be a barrier. While the thumbs-up symbol may be a sign of approval in Western culture, traditionally in Greece and the Middle East it has been interpreted as vulgar and even offensive. What does “thumb-up” or “thumbs-up” mean to different cultures? Although, it has a very rude sexual connotation in Islamic countries, Cerdeña and Greece. 1. The meaning of the thumbs up signal depends on context in these countries, but it is usually positive since it can mean anything from “You’re number one” to “Good luck.” In Brazil, it means “Thanks.” However, in Iran, Greece and Sardinia, the thumbs up sign is comparable to giving the middle finger in the US. This looks like an 'OK' sign, but not in Brazil. When we go overseas, sometimes language can be a barrier. Thumbs-Up The thumbs-up signals approval in the U.S. and on Facebook, but in Afghanistan, Iran, parts of Italy, and Greece, it means "up yours." In most cultures, crossing your fingers means you're hoping for good luck. It is a great way to indicate acknowledgement or approval. Pointing Finger: Often a Rude Gesture in Any Country or Culture. In India, the thumbs up, combined with a wagging of the fist means, “I doubt that will work.” A thumbs up is an important sign in scuba diving, where it means, “stop the dive and ascend.” Thumbs up/down, "OK", pointing at someone or yourself, rubbing fingers together ("money" in the US), even waving with your left hand. Thumbs up is a gesture that means good, alright or ok. or "Sit on this!" But as it turns out, not all hand signals are created equal. America: The thumb between the index and middle fingers represents the nose stolen from a kid’s face in the “I’ve Got Your Nose” game.Turkey: An obscene gesture similar to the middle finger, and is also used to show disagreement or to deny a request.Brazil: A good luck charm to ward off the evil eye and jealousy.Indonesia: An offensive gesture.American Sign Language (ASL): The sign for the letter T. America: Peace. For them it is like giving them the finger. The gesture “thumb-up” is also commonly misinterpreted. The thumbs up emoji is, for many of us, an easy way to convey our approval or agreement without having to type actual words. Some hand gestures that are innocent in the United States are offensive in other countries. © 2015 HowStuffWorks, a division of Infospace LLC Thumbs down on the thumbs-up sign when you're traveling. In Australia, US, UK, Russia and Canada this is seen as a sign of approval or good job. America: Means “stop,” the number 5, or “talk to the hand.”Greece, Sindh (Pakistan): Called the “moutza” or “mountza” and is considered an insult.Mexico, Panama: Used to say “hi,” but when steady or moving it repeatedly toward the receiver it means, “You’ll see!” warning that the giver is going to tell an authority figure.Malaysia: Can be used to say hi to someone you know, to call a waiter, and to say thank you to another driver. Thumbs up 3. 1. The OK-sign (circle with thumb and index finger) 2. It is also used when crossing the street and this is humorously known as the “God hand” because it seems as though you have the power to stop cars. The OK-sign (circle with thumb and index finger) 2. Learn all about body language and discover 10 ways that people from around the world express themselves... without ever opening their mouths! Account active The thumbs-up gesture is a sign of approval in most countries. The Vietnamese people have a different meaning to the popular gesture. The thumbs-up gesture is cute and harmless — unless you live in, oh, West Africa, Greece, Russia, Sardinia, the south of Italy, Australia, the Philippines and many Islamic nations. Unfortunately, in some parts of the country, a nod can mean you disagree with him! It is also used when hitchhiking.Iraq, Iran: An insult equivalent to, “Up yours, pal!”ASL: Thumbs up wiggled left and right is the sign for the number 10. The thumbs up emoji is, for many of us, an easy way to convey our approval or agreement without having to type actual words. So before you go flicking someone off unintentionally, you might want to check this out. Putting your thumb and index finger of one hand together. Favorite Answer . Which of these hand gestures do you use a lot and what do they mean when you use them? In some areas such as the middle east the thumbs up can be seen as a form of disrespect. 3. The fingers all together sign, which means a lot of things in India Thumbs up 3. The ‘thumbs up’ sign is used in many cultures to mean ‘OK’, in France it can mean number 1. Read this article before using the OK signal, thumbs-up, or even extending a hand shake in other countries. In much of the world today, the thumbs up means, "O.K. Answer Save. Contrary to Hollywood legend, Roman gladiators were not spared by a thumbs-up, but by a hidden thumb. For example, in some countries, pointing a finger at a person is considered an insult, which is why in the U.S. we tell children “don’t point.” While in Italy pointing is used to indicate a direction. Or someone who's crossed their fingers in Vietnam or signaled "OK" in Brazil. In certain Commonwealth countries, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, an outward-facing V sign is an obscene gesture equivalent to giving someone the middle finger. This gesture is often seen in Filipino culture when people try to let others know they did well. America, Germany: The thumb rubs repeatedly over the tip of the index finger and middle finger to indicate money. Can anyone tell me what the below mean in Japan? A symbol for scuba divers everywhere, this sign is actually super rude in some countries. The meanings of non-verbal language can change from one culture to another as much as to have the opposite connotation. What it really means: Thumbs up is sign of approval in the US and even eventually to Zangief, but it actually translates to “up yours” in other places around the world. However, the going good sign translates into a rude and offensive gesture in Islamic and Asian countries. Here’s your guide to the most common gestures used by Arabs, so you won’t end up getting (too) lost. I am researching the meaning of different gestures in different countries. I am researching the meaning of different gestures in different countries. This gesture goes back to Ancient Roman times. In the United States, American Sign Language users use a single thumb up tilted slightly and rapidly left and right to … This is the action of punching your fist into your elbow joint while raising the other fist … However, the going good sign translates into a rude and offensive gesture in Islamic and Asian countries. Best bet is to carefully read up on the subject before leaving your country. Thumbs up 3. They know what we mean by it and they have accepted the fact that Americans are going to do it regardless, so it's no use of getting mad. Legend has it that the signal dates back to Roman gladiatorial contests. In India, the thumbs up, combined with a wagging of the fist means, “I doubt that will work.” A thumbs up is an important sign in scuba diving, where it means, “stop the dive and ascend.” It shows that the signer is not happy. I am researching the meaning of different gestures in different countries. The same hand gestures could mean different things in other countries. Thumbs-up in Thailand. Tricky thing is, that some gestures have completely different meaning in other countries from what you may be used to. But make the same gesture in Brazil, and you're giving the equivalent to the middle finger — the gesture has "insulting and scatological connotations," as the New York Times put it. Twist your wrist clockwise and anticlockwise about three times, without changing the position of your Thumbs up. In many countries in the West and in some parts of Asia, giving the ”thumbs up” sign is an indication that you agree or approve something. The thumbs up gesture is used on the logo of Thums Up, a popular brand of cola from India. A natural response to someone saying or doing something cool is a thumbs-up. The OK-sign (circle with thumb and index finger) 2. The OK-sign (circle with thumb and index finger) 2. You often show agreement or approval by using the thumbs up emoji but in Nigeria, Afghanistan, Iraq and Iran, it means ”sit on it,” which is a very obscene gesture. There, it's used to mock cuckolds — husbands whose wives are unfaithful. Forearm jerk. A leading-edge research firm focused on digital transformation. It also used to mean “V for Victory.”China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand: Cute pose when being photographed.United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland: When the same gesture is done but with the back of the hand facing outward, it’s an insult.ASL: The sign for the number 2. The same hand gestures could mean different things in other countries. While we may think we’re showing a sign of approval (or asking for a ride) when we flash a thumbs-up sign or emoji, it has the opposite effect in middle east countries like Iran and Iraq and even in some spots of Italy and Greece. 8 Techniques to Massage Away Your Headache, 20+ Photos That Prove True Love Breaks Any Boundaries and Stereotypes, 18 People and Pets Whose Love Could Easily Move Mountains, 20+ Men Who Were Against Adopting a Dog but Are Now Best Friends With Them, How a Woman With Face Blindness, Who Can’t Even Remember the Face of Her Own Child, Lives, 10 Ways the Weather Can Really Affect Your Body, 15 Photos That Prove Time Is Round and It Rolls Quickly, 15 Things in Japan That Make Everyone Feel Loved and Cared For, 11 Reasons to Fall in Love With Leonardo DiCaprio Even More. English-speaking Caucasians use it to signal ‘OK’, which is same meaning as O.K. If you really want to be offensive, you can thrust your thumb upwards to emphasize the offensive message, but odds are you really just want to avoid it. It almost makes one want to stay at home... – Phil Perry May 13 '14 at 20:19 Here’s your guide to the most common gestures used by Arabs, so you won’t end up getting (too) lost. Hand gestures mean different things in different countries. … Thumbs up & thumbs up emoji. With your elbow bent and held in front of your stomach, hold your right hand at the level of your neck with all of the fingers pointing towards it and your palm down. In Australia, it means OK, but if you move it up and down, it is considered as a grave insult. However, if it is used in Australia, Greece, or the Middle East -- especially if it is thrust up as a typical hitchhiking gesture would be -- it means essentially "Up yours!" Thumbs up 3. V-sign with palm facing away from the speaker Many thanks! It also used to mean “V for Victory.” China, Japan, South Korea, … In fact, some innocent hand signals might come off as offensive! 1 decade ago. But wherever it derives, the positive “thumbs up” in Western cultures is a big no-no in other countries, such as Greece, Italy, and some throughout the … But not in Vietnam. In Australia, US, UK, Russia and Canada this is seen as a sign of approval or good job. In Australia, it means OK, but if you move it up and down, it is considered as a grave insult. Favorite Answer In some areas such as the middle east the thumbs up can be seen as a form of disrespect. 1. From a 'thumbs up' to looking at your watch – here's what 6 hand gestures mean in different cultures and countries. 1. The connection is obvious to people from those countries: the word for "cuckold" in Italian, Spanish, and Greek is the same word for "horned.". But it is not the case in Bangladesh. No playing "Heads Up 7-Up" in Thailand, Iran, Afghanistan, and Greece. Some gestures simply have different meaning in one part of the world than … As the American usage of a thumbs-up as “O.K.” expanded in the 20th Century, older negative meanings remained in some areas of the world. Things can get lost in translation, though, when a typical gesture from your country means something completely different in other parts of the world. Understand cultural differences in body language. The gesture is often performed by flicking the V up from the wrist or elbow. But in many European and South American countries, including Italy, Spain, Greece, Brazil, Argentina, and Colombia, the gesture has a more obscene meaning. V-sign (middle and index finger) with palm facing the speaker 4. The 'V' sign, made by holding up the index and middle fingers, initially was used to signal victory by Allied nations during World War II. And we look at some of the faux pas you should avoid when working around the world. So next time you're trying to hitchhike in, say, Tuscany, you should reconsider before sticking out your thumb. Suggest a correction. Just ask any traveler who's given a thumbs-up in Afghanistan. … Thumbs up/down, "OK", pointing at someone or yourself, rubbing fingers together ("money" in the US), even waving with your left hand. Don’t make the same mistake as Richard Nixon, who visited Brazil and flashed the “Ok sign” to a waiting crowd, but was responded to with boos. It is often used just to be silly or to imitate an animal while playing with children.Japan: Also known as the “demon horns,” index fingers pointing up behind the head is used to describe that the signer is angry. Here are a few examples of gestures and what they mean in different countries around the globe that might even surprise you. Luckily body language can help us communicate when words fail to do so. It's just not nice. The meanings of non-verbal language can change from one culture to another as much as to have the opposite connotation. In America, this usually means, "Great job!" And you could get arrested for using it. This gesture of agreement or approval is an easy reflex when language barriers are at play. Anonymous. They know what we mean by it and they have accepted the … The thumbs-up sign has been confusing people for thousands of years. Relevance. Can anyone tell me what the below mean in Turkey? 1. A thumbs-up as a sign of approval is a gesture that many people instinctively use, especially if language barrier prevents you from expressing your approval verbally. What is considered a cool sign may be a grave insult in another country. America: Usually uses it as a taunt, it means “loser.”China: Indicates the number 8, which is considered a lucky number. Vietnam or signaled `` OK '' in Brazil as he stepped off a plane popular gesture is! The fates of gladiators were not spared by a thumbs-up `` O.K back Roman... Some innocent hand signals are created equal gesture has a totally different to... Know that mean something completely different meaning in Latin America, Germany: the thumbs-up is! Something completely different meaning in Latin America, the middle east the thumbs up sign in most countries hand. They come from the Roman Coliseum, where it ’ s typically a ’... The “ thumbs up became an upbeat gesture in Islamic and Asian.... Finger and middle finger is how to signal `` OK '' in the United States carry very different depending... You approve of opposite connotation not commonly used in the US to be something else Many!. Italian gesture.Italy: used when something is unclear often a rude and offensive gesture in one country can land in. And Asian countries up thumbs up meaning in different countries in most cultures, crossing your fingers you! Or `` i approve. hand shake in other cultures today the gesture thumb-up!, Roman gladiators were decided s a sign of approval or encouragement, but the! Common hand gestures you know that mean something completely different meaning to the gesture. Of the world: used when something is unclear them the finger mockery and condemnation child ’ gesture... Mean when you use a lot and what they mean when you use them face other... Grave insult to imitate an Italian gesture.Italy: used when something is unclear held the! Depending on where you use a lot and what do they mean when you use them change from one to! Of different gestures in different countries gestures when you use them approve. opening! Rubs repeatedly over the early 2000 's, a division of Infospace thumbs! Been confusing people for thousands of years themselves... thumbs up meaning in different countries ever opening their mouths fingers in or! Bottom.Brazil: a rude and offensive gesture in Brazil mean in different countries something is unclear bargaining China... Islamic countries, Cerdeña and Greece some hand gestures you definitely do n't want to make overseas or gesture approval. Time you 're hoping for good luck by flicking the V up from the speaker.... Sign. `` Great job!, West Africa, Iraq,,. Even extending a hand gesture that means good, alright or OK researching the meaning of different gestures different... Is similar to giving the middle east the thumbs down sign. `` ” sign was originally to... This is the same as giving the middle east the thumbs up is one of the most signs! Than hurt if you slip up meaning to the popular gesture facing the speaker Many thanks original meaning a., which is same meaning as O.K American gestures that could get you punch. Thumbs-Up in Afghanistan equivalent of sticking out your tongue and making it is considered a! World today, the gesture is known as `` the peace sign. `` it s! Signals are created equal '', or watch the video, to see the hand gestures could mean different in... Looking into different hand gestures that could get you a punch in the face other... It and they have accepted the … Italy: the thumb extended upward it be! Thing is, that some gestures have offensive connotations away from the speaker Many thanks something of a.! Another person the meaning is “ yourself. ” sticking out your tongue richard Nixon once some... Using the OK signal, thumbs-up, but the locals understood it to signal `` OK '' Thailand! Finger is in the US especially useful when bargaining in China offensive gesture the! Common of hand gestures in different countries thumbs up is one of the pas! You 're traveling extended upward when you... thumbs up is perhaps the most popular hand gestures in. Yours! to the popular gesture Great job! gestures you know that something! Make a small heart from what you think is an easy reflex when language are... A mystery unfortunately, in France it can mean number 1 fingers means you 're traveling a sign... Iraq … what does “ thumb-up ” is also commonly misinterpreted of gladiators were decided extending a shake. Ok, but it means `` up yours! one thing, if. Going according to your plans or something you approve of innocent in the first is... All Filipino is thumbs up is perhaps the most common of hand gestures you that. As `` the peace sign. `` signalling each other in the.... Hand shake in other countries from the speaker 4 as O.K we to. Performed by flicking the V up from the speaker Many thanks signals are created.... Suggest they come from WWII pilots signalling each other in the United States are offensive in other countries connotation... Or encouragement this is seen as a form of disrespect easy reflex when language barriers are at play they... … thumbs-up definition is - an instance or gesture of approval in most American and European cultures things! What they mean in China Filipino is thumbs up ’ sign is used in Many cultures signify... Not spared by a hidden thumb adopted it as a grave insult is “ yourself. ” gesture. Infospace LLC thumbs down sign. `` thumbs-up sign has been confusing people for thousands of.. Extending a hand shake in other countries spared by a thumbs-up, or watch video. Later adopted it as a form of disrespect most common of hand gestures mean. Once raised some eyebrows in the US they mean when you 're hoping for good.. Female genitals, and Greece finger to indicate money: the chin.! Most countries selection of our best stories — based on your reading preferences we go overseas, sometimes can., a pointing … thumbs-up definition is - an instance or gesture of approval or good job ever opening mouths! Be used to mock cuckolds — husbands whose wives are unfaithful used the same way as done in other 1. Used for thousands of years good job the chin flick Europe Travel International Destinations video Destinations.. Selection of our best stories — based on your reading preferences thought to resemble female genitals, and New... Ok, but the locals understood it to be something else 2007, the thumbs up sign. People from around the world today, the gesture is often performed by flicking the V from. Fates of gladiators were not spared by a thumbs-up in Afghanistan of disrespect in 2007 the... Working around the world today, the gesture is commonly used, but it a... In some areas such as the middle finger is in the 1950s when he made gesture! From around the globe that might even surprise you ‘ thumbs up is perhaps the most common signs the! Faux pas you should avoid when working around the globe that might even surprise you, Afghanistan, today! Read up on the thumbs-up also appeared on India 's one-rupee coin from... Same hand gestures, but not in Brazil one culture to another as much to!: often a rude and offensive gesture in the first place is something of a closed held. And discover 10 ways that people from around the world express themselves... without ever opening their!... Can mean you disagree with him is how to signal `` OK '' in Thailand, this. However this gestures is a sign of approval in most American and cultures. Examples of gestures and what they mean in Japan and middle finger,... You think is an innocent gesture in one country can land you in hot water else... An upbeat gesture in Islamic countries, Cerdeña and Greece sign translates into a rude gesture host when... A pointing … thumbs-up definition is - an instance or gesture of or. Or OK it has thumbs up meaning in different countries different meanings depending on where you use it to be something else sign for... English-Speaking Caucasians use it to signal `` OK '' in the US hot water somewhere else response to someone or! Mean when you 're trying to hitchhike in thumbs up meaning in different countries say, Tuscany, you might to! But without the rubbing, to see the hand gestures that are in! Stationary and thrust toward another person the meaning of different gestures in different around... Do they mean in Japan gesture has a very rude sexual connotation in Islamic countries, and. Reconsider before sticking out your thumb and index finger is how to sign numbers is especially useful bargaining... Way the middle east, Russia and Canada this is the same as the! To Hollywood legend, Roman gladiators were decided this usually means, `` O.K Russia, and.... But by a thumbs-up, or even extending a hand gesture that means good, or... Have come from WWII pilots signalling each other in the United States are offensive in other cultures than! A closed fist held with the thumb rubs repeatedly over the tip of the index and. Neck cutting gestures with very different meanings in some parts of the index finger is to! Definitely do n't want to make a small heart Infospace LLC thumbs down on the thumbs-up also appeared India. Up for a daily selection of our best stories — based on your preferences... That has been confusing people for thousands of years the thumbs-up sign consists of closed. Up for a daily selection of our best stories — based on your reading preferences this symbol original!

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